The origins of the Tornado project date back to 1968. It was then that the tri-national PANAVIA consortium was founded to implement the project known as MRCA (Multi-Role Combat Aircraft). On 14 September 1974, the first prototype flew and construction began on the first 640 aircraft ordered, with production split in such a way that Germany and Great Britain each completed 42.5% and Italy 15% of the order. The Tornado fleets now constitute the most important part of the air forces of three European NATO countries. They remain in the composition of the air forces of Great Britain (Royal Air Force), Italy (Aeronautica Militare Italiana) and Germany (Luftwaffe) and in the air force of the German Navy (Marinefliege). Additionally, in 1986, some of these aircraft were ordered by Saudi Arabia and integrated into its armed forces (Royal Saudi Air Force). There are three main versions of the aircraft: Tornado ECR, Tornado ADV and Tornado IDS. The Tornado ECR is a German/Italian reconnaissance version, capable of carrying Raytheon AGM-88 HARM anti-radar missiles. In addition, they carry AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles for self-defense purposes. The Tornado ADV is an interceptor version, equipped with the large Marconi-Ferranti Foxhunter radar with a range of up to 190 km and capable of tracking up to 20 targets simultaneously. The Tornado IDS, on the other hand, is an attack bomber designed primarily to support ground forces. It is capable of carrying a very wide range of weapons, including: CWS flying bomb, Paveway II guided bombs, GBU-15 guided bombs, AGM-65 Maverick air-to-surface missiles. Technical data (ADV version): length: 18.68 m, wingspan (maximum): 13.91 m, height: 5.95 m, maximum speed: 2.27 Ma, rate of climb: 77 m / s, practical ceiling: 21300 m, maximum range: 1850 km, armament: fixed - one 27 mm IWKA-Mauser cannon, suspended - up to 8500 kg of cargo.